Spatial storage of discrete dark solitons

The interaction between a mobile discrete dark soliton (DDS) and impurities in one-dimensional nonlinear (Kerr) photonic lattices is studied. We found that the scattering is an inelastic process where the DDS can be reflected or transmitted depending on its transversal speed and the strength of the impurities. In particular, in the reflection regime, the DDS increases its transversal speed after each scattering. A method for spatial storage of DDS solutions using two impurities is discussed, where the soliton can be trapped within a storage region until it reaches the critical speed needed to be transmitted. We show, numerically, that this method allows the storage of multiple DDS simultaneously.Comment: 6 pages and 6 figure

Classical Emergence of Intrinsic Spin-Orbit Interaction of Light at the Nanoscale

Traditionally, in macroscopic geometrical optics intrinsic polarization and spatial degrees of freedom of light can be treated independently. However, at the subwavelength scale these properties appear to be coupled together, giving rise to the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light. In this work we address theoretically the classical emergence of the optical SOI at the nanoscale. By means of a full-vector analysis involving spherical vector waves we show that the spin-orbit factorizability condition, accounting the mutual influence between the amplitude (spin) and phase (orbit), is fulfilled only in the far-field limit. On the other side, in the near-field region, an additional relative phase introduces an extra term that hinders the factorization and reveals an intricate dynamical behavior according to the SOI regime. As a result, we find a suitable theoretical framework able to capture analytically the main features of intrinsic SOI of light. Besides allowing for a better understanding into the mechanism leading to its classical emergence at the nanoscale, our approach may be useful in order to design experimental setups that enhance the response of SOI-based effects.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Near-Field Directionality Beyond the Dipole Approximation: Electric Quadrupole and Higher-Order Multipole Angular Spectra

Within the context of spin-related optical phenomena, the near-field directionality is generally understood from the quantum spin Hall effect of light, according to which the transverse spin of surface or guided modes is locked to the propagation direction. So far, most previous works have been focused on the spin properties of circularly polarized dipolar sources. However, in near-field optics, higher-order multipole sources (e.g., quadrupole, octupole, and so on) might become relevant, so a more in-depth formulation would be highly valuable. Building on the angular spectrum representation, we provide a general, analytical, and ready-to-use treatment in order to address the near-field directionality of any multipole field, particularizing to the electric quadrupole case. Besides underpinning and upgrading the current framework on spin-dependent directionality, our results may open up new perspectives for engineering light-matter coupling at the nanoscale.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Supplemental Material (19 pages). Supplemental tools (calculator of angular spectra and animation) available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.267790

Diffusion in infinite and semi-infinite lattices with long-range coupling

We prove that for a one-dimensional infinite lattice, with long-range coupling among sites, the diffusion of an initial delta-like pulse in the bulk, is ballistic at all times. We obtain a closed-form expression for the mean square displacement (MSD) as a function of time, and show some cases including finite range coupling, exponentially decreasing coupling and power-law decreasing coupling. For the case of an initial excitation at the edge of the lattice, we find an approximate expression for the MSD that predicts ballistic behavior at long times, in agreement with numerical results.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted for publicatio

Construction and Calibration of a Low-Cost 3D Laser Scanner with 360◦ Field of View for Mobile Robots

Navigation of many mobile robots relies on environmental information obtained from three-dimensional (3D) laser scanners. This paper presents a new 360◦ field-of-view 3D laser scanner for mobile robots that avoids the high cost of commercial devices. The 3D scanner is based on spinning a Hokuyo UTM- 30LX-EX two-dimensional (2D) rangefinder around its optical center. The proposed design profits from lessons learned with the development of a previous 3D scanner with pitching motion. Intrinsic calibration of the new device has been performed to obtain both temporal and geometric parameters. The paper also shows the integration of the 3D device in the outdoor mobile robot Andabata.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Direct measurement of superdiffusive and subdiffusive energy transport in disordered granular chains

The study of energy transport properties in heterogeneous materials has attracted scientific interest for more than a century, and it continues to offer fundamental and rich questions. One of the unanswered challenges is to extend Anderson theory for uncorrelated and fully disordered lattices in condensed-matter systems to physical settings in which additional effects compete with disorder. Specifically, the effect of strong nonlinearity has been largely unexplored experimentally, partly due to the paucity of testbeds that can combine the effect of disorder and nonlinearity in a controllable manner. Here we present the first systematic experimental study of energy transport and localization properties in simultaneously disordered and nonlinear granular crystals. We demonstrate experimentally that disorder and nonlinearity --- which are known from decades of studies to individually favor energy localization --- can in some sense "cancel each other out", resulting in the destruction of wave localization. We also report that the combined effect of disorder and nonlinearity can enable the manipulation of energy transport speed in granular crystals from subdiffusive to superdiffusive ranges.Comment: main text + supplementary informatio

Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent

A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72–96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticultur

Toward Chiral Sensing and Spectroscopy Enabled by All-Dielectric Integrated Photonic Waveguides

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Vázquez-Lozano, J. E., Martínez, A., Toward Chiral Sensing and Spectroscopy Enabled by All-Dielectric Integrated Photonic Waveguides. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2020, 14, 1900422, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.201900422. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Chiral spectroscopy is a powerful technique enabling to identify optically the chirality of matter. So far, most experiments to check the chirality of matter or nanostructures have been performed through arrangements wherein both the optical excitation and detection are realized via circularly polarized light propagating in free space. However, for the sake of miniaturization, it would be desirable to perform chiral spectroscopy in photonic integrated platforms, with the additional benefit of massive parallel detection, low¿cost production, repeatability, and portability. Here it is shown that all¿dielectric photonic waveguides can support chiral modes under proper combination of fundamental eigenmodes. Two mainstream configurations are investigated: a dielectric wire with square cross section and a slotted waveguide. Three different scenarios in which such waveguides could be used for chiral detection are numerically analyzed: waveguides as near¿field probes, evanescent¿induced chiral fields, and chiroptical interaction in void slots. In all the cases, a metallic nanohelix is considered as a chiral probe, though all the approaches can be extended to other kinds of chiral nanostructures as well as matter. 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